⇒ Volume Number: 01
⇒ Issue Number: 01
⇒ Available Online: June 30, 2020
⇒ Volume Editor: Editorial Office, Research and Education Promotion Association (REPA), Japan
⇒ Issue Editor: Editorial Office, Research and Education Promotion Association (REPA), Japan
⇒ Language and Proofreading Editor: Prof. Emil Chuck, George Mason University, USA
⇒ Copyeditor: Ms. Barnes K. and Ms. Sarah A., Research and Education Promotion Association (REPA), Japan
⇒ Administrator: Ms. Michell Ann., Research and Education Promotion Association (REPA), Japan
Journal Article (Special Issue) Open Access Published
A study on sustainability of internal power generation compared with imported power in Afghanistan
Wali M, Majidi H, Abdullah MA, and Yaqobi MH.
Journal of Sustainability Outreach, 2020, 1 (1): 1-9 DOI: 10.37357/1068/jso.1.1.01
Currently, Afghanistan imports a high percentage of electric energy from the neighboring countries, while less attention has been paid on the utilization of internal domestic energy resources. Recently progress has been made with solar and wind energy, but other sources such as hydro energy remain underappreciated. Originally intended as a short-term solution to fulfill demand, the policy for importing power from neighboring countries is still in effect as energy demand has increased dramatically and exposed vulnerabilities in the existing power system. These issues can be categorized based on different aspects like technical, economic, political, security-related issues, natural disasters and many others that negatively affect the reliability of the energy sector. In this paper, the sustainability of the power system of Afghanistan is analyzed from different aspects. These multi-disciplinary problems are analyzed separately and linked with the weaknesses of the existing power system. The main objective of this study is to propose long-term solutions to the power sector by encouraging investment in the internal power generation to enhance sustainability and reliability. The proposed long-term solution also takes additional measures towards achieving sustainable development goals (SDG) such as economic growth, agricultural development, groundwater recharge, industrial development, flood and water control, job creation, and a green and clean environment.
REPA
Wali M, Majidi H, Abdullah MA, Yaqobi MH (2020) “A study on sustainability of internal power generation compared with imported power in Afghanistan” Journal of Sustainability Outreach (vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 1–9) https://doi.org/10.37357/1068/jso.1.1.01
APA
Wali, M., Majidi, H., Abdullah, M. A., & Yaqobi, M. H. (2020). A study on sustainability of internal power generation compared with imported power in Afghanistan. Journal of Sustainability Outreach, 1(1), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.37357/1068/jso.1.1.01
MLA
Wali, Mohebullah, et al. “A Study on Sustainability of Internal Power Generation Compared with Imported Power in Afghanistan.” Journal of Sustainability Outreach, vol. 1, no. 1, 2020, pp. 1–9, doi:10.37357/1068/jso.1.1.01.
Vancouver
Wali M, Majidi H, Abdullah MA, Yaqobi MH. A study on sustainability of internal power generation compared with imported power in Afghanistan. J Sustainability Outreach. 2020;1(1):1–9.
Chicago
Wali, Mohebullah, Himayatullah Majidi, Milad Ahmad Abdullah, and Mohammad Homayoun Yaqobi. 2020. “A Study on Sustainability of Internal Power Generation Compared with Imported Power in Afghanistan.” Journal of Sustainability Outreach 1 (1): 1–9. https://doi.org/10.37357/1068/jso.1.1.01.
Elsevier
Wali, M., Majidi, H., Abdullah, M.A., Yaqobi, M.H., 2020. A study on sustainability of internal power generation compared with imported power in Afghanistan. J. Sustainability Outreach 1, 1–9. https://doi.org/10.37357/1068/jso.1.1.01
IEEE
Wali, H. Majidi, M. A. Abdullah, and M. H. Yaqobi, “A study on sustainability of internal power generation compared with imported power in Afghanistan,” J. Sustainability Outreach, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 1–9, 2020, doi: 10.37357/1068/jso.1.1.01.
Springer
Wali, M., Majidi, H., Abdullah, M.A., Yaqobi, M.H.: A study on sustainability of internal power generation compared with imported power in Afghanistan. J. Sustainability Outreach. 1, 1–9 (2020). https://doi.org/10.37357/1068/jso.1.1.01.
Mohebullah Wali
Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Kabul University, Kabul, Afghanistan
Himayatullah Majidi
Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Kabul University, Kabul, Afghanistan
Milad Ahmad Abdullah
Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Kabul University, Kabul, Afghanistan
Mohammad Homayoun Yaqobi
Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Kabul University, Kabul, Afghanistan
-
Afghanistan renewable energy development issues and options (2018) Washington, D.C. 107 p.
-
World Bank (2013) “Toward a sustainable energy future for all: Directions for the World Bank Group’s energy sector” Washington, D.C. 31 p.
-
Alamyar KM (2014) “Renewable energy for sustainable development” Kabul. 1–14 p.
-
Afghanistan rural renewable energy policy (2013) Kabul. 20 p.
-
Danish MSS, Senjyu T, Sabory NR, Danish SMS, Ludin GA, et al. (2017) “Afghanistan’s aspirations for energy independence: Water resources and hydropower energy” Renewable Energy (vol. 113, pp. 1276–1287) https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2017.06.090
-
Neifer R (2014) “Technical assistance consultant’s report - Afghanistan: Addendum to the Afghanistan power sector master plan” Stuttgart. 127 p.
-
Afghan Energy Information Center (AEIC) (2012) “Electricity monthly production report” Kabul, Afghanistan, Afghan Energy Information Center (AEIC). (http://aeic.af/)
-
Power sector master plan. Technical assistance consultants report: Project number 43497 (2013) Kabul.
-
Ahmadzai S, McKinna A (2018) “Afghanistan electrical energy and trans-boundary water systems analyses: Challenges and opportunities” Energy Reports (vol. 4, pp. 435–469) https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egyr.2018.06.003
-
Fichtner GmbH (2013) “Islamic Republic of Afghanistan: Power sector master plan” (pp. 451)
-
Danish MSS, Sabory NR, Danish SMS, Senjyu T, Ludin GA, et al. (2017) “Electricity Sector Development Trends in an After-war Country: Afghanistan Aspiration for an Independent Energy Country” Journal of Energy and Power Engineering (vol. 11, no. 1, pp. 553–557) https://doi.org/10.17265/1934-8975/2017.08.007
-
Sadiqi M. (2012) “Basic design and cost optimization of a hybrid power system in rural communities in Afghanistan. MSc Thises.” The Kansas State University
-
Safi, R. & Sharma MP (2019) “Energy scenario of Afghanistan” IOSR Journal of Engineering (IOSRJEN) (vol. 9, no. 4, pp. 50–59)
-
Energy supply improvement investment program, sector assessment summary: Energy (2015) Kabul.
-
Da Afghanistan Breshna Sherkat (DABS) (2016) “CASA and TUTAP Power interconnection project” Islamabad. 16 p.
-
Bochkarev D (2014) “Afghanistan reconnected: Linking energy supplies toconsumers in Asia” New York. 28 p.
-
Ministry of Energy and Water (MEW) and Ministry of Rural Rehabilitation and Development (MRRD) (2013) “Afghanistan Rural Renewable Energy Policy” Kabul, Ministry of Energy and Water (MEW) and Ministry of Rural Rehabilitation and Development (MRRD).
-
National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) (2011) “Afghanistan-NREL Resource Maps and Toolkits” National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL). (https://www.osti.gov/biblio/982282-solar-wind-resource-assessments-afghanistan-pakistan) Accessed: 18 October 2019
-
Burns RK (2011) “Afghanistan: Solar assets, electricity production, and rural energy factors” Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews (vol. 15, no. 4, pp. 2144–2148) https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2010.12.002
-
Regional projects and masterplanning - Overview (2019) Inter-ministerial Commission of Energy (ICE)
-
Ershad AM (2017) “Institutional and policy assessment of renewable energy sector in Afghanistan” Journal of Renewable Energy (vol. 2017, pp. 1–10) https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/5723152
-
Samadi AR (2011) “Energy consumption and available energy resources in Afghanistan” Kabul. 23 p.
-
Renewable energy department database (2015) Ministry of Energy and Water (MEW) (https://nwara.gov.af/en) Accessed: 16 November 2019
-
Ahmadzai S, McKinna A (2018) “Afghanistan electrical energy and trans-boundary water systems analyses: Challenges and opportunities” Energy Reports (vol. 4, pp. 435–469) https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egyr.2018.06.003
-
Meisen, P., Azizy P (2008) “Rural Electrification in Afghanistan: How do we electrify the villages of Afghanistan?” San Diego. 26 p.
-
Afghanistan renewable energy policy (2013) Kabul.
-
Afghanistan energy sector update (2016) Kabul.
-
Milbrandt A, Overend R (2011) “Assessment of biomass resources in Afghanistan” Colorado. 45 p.
-
Afghanistan living conditions survey 2013-2014: National risk and vulnerability assessment (2019) Kabul.
-
Fahimi A, Upham P (2018) “The renewable energy sector in Afghanistan: Policy and potential” Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Energy and Environment (vol. 7, no. 2, pp. e280) https://doi.org/10.1002/wene.280
-
Ludin GA, Matayoshi H, Danish MSS, Yona A, Senjyu T (2017) “Hybrid PV/Wind/Diesel Based Distributed Generation for an Off-Grid Rural Village in Afghanistan” Journal of Energy and Power Engineering (vol. 11, no. 2, ) https://doi.org/10.17265/1934-8975/2017.02.003
-
Saba DS et al. (2004) “Geothermal energy in Afghanistan: prospects and potential” New York. 38 p.
-
Habib H (2014) “Water related problems in Afghanistan” International Journal of International Studies (vol. 01, no. 03, pp. 137–144) https://doi.org/10.29171/azu_acku_pamphlet_td313_a3_h335_2014
-
Palau RG (2013) “Water security: Afghanistan transboundary water resources in regional context” Transboundary Issues (vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 1–15)
-
Asian Development Bank (ADB) (2019) “Technical assistance consultant’s report - Feasibility study report component 3: Water supply” Kabul. 62 p.
-
Mundi index (2019) Index Mundi (https://www.indexmundi.com/) Accessed: 16 November 2019
-
Watson P (2011) “Kandahar struggles for reliable electricity” (https://www.thestar.com/news/world/2011/01/25/kandahar_struggles_for_reliable_electricity.html) Accessed: 16 November 2019
-
Glasse J (2013) “Eastern Afghanistan struggles for power”
-
Atef SS, Sadeqinazhad F, Farjaad F, Amatya DM (2019) “Water conflict management and cooperation between Afghanistan and Pakistan” Journal of Hydrology (vol. 570, pp. 875–892) https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2018.12.075
-
Hanasz P (2012) “The politics of water security between Afghanistan and Iran” Published by Future Directions International Pty Ltd.
The author(s) has received no specific funding for this article/publication.
Journal Article (Special Issue) Open Access Published
Afghanistan as an emerging regional energy hub
Danish MSS, Senjyu T, Zaheb H, Sabory NR, Ahamadi M, Ibrahimi AM, Nazari Z, and Ahadi MH.
Journal of Sustainability Outreach, 2020, 1 (1): 10-14 DOI: 10.37357/1068/jso.1.1.02
The enormous potential supply of energy in central Asia offers an excellent opportunity to estab-lish international energy-sharing agreements, mitigate political instability, and improve regional socio-economic development. Pakistan and India have increasingly relied on energy imported from Middle and Central Asia to meet frequent energy shortages. Afghanistan has played a central role in recent efforts to balance energy trade among regional countries with an emerging opportunity as an emerging energy hub. This study considers what energy trade policies and strategies are needed to transform Afghanistan from energy consumer to energy provider. This analysis sum-marizes multi-disciplinary approaches that target geopolitics, economic, trade, management, insti-tutional, environmental, and technical aspects. This study avoided a commentary description of the subject. The overriding objective of this study is addressing key solutions to enable Afghani-stan as a leading stakeholder of the energy hub in the region countries. The finding of this study is outlined in 30 recommendations. Beneficiaries and stakeholders also express increasing concern about Afghanistan’s current security and political stability. This brief study can inform students, researchers, scholars, and interested policymakers with the recent trends and future outlook.
REPA
Danish MSS, Senjyu T, Zaheb H, Sabory NR, Ahmadi M, et al. (2020) “Afghanistan as an emerging regional energy hub” Journal of Sustainability Outreach (vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 10–14) https://doi.org/10.37357/1068/jso.1.1.02
APA
Danish, M. S. S., Senjyu, T., Zaheb, H., Sabory, N. R., Ahmadi, M., Ibrahimi, A. M., Nazari, Z., & Ahadi, M. H. (2020). Afghanistan as an emerging regional energy hub. Journal of Sustainability Outreach, 1(1), 10–14. https://doi.org/10.37357/1068/jso.1.1.02
MLA
Danish, Mir Sayed Shah, et al. “Afghanistan as an Emerging Regional Energy Hub.” Journal of Sustainability Outreach, vol. 1, no. 1, 2020, pp. 10–14. Open WorldCat, doi:10.37357/1068/jso.1.1.02.
Vancouver
Danish MSS, Senjyu T, Zaheb H, Sabory NR, Ahmadi M, Ibrahimi AM, et al. Afghanistan as an emerging regional energy hub. J Sustainability Outreach. 2020;1(1):10–4.
Chicago
Danish, Mir Sayed Shah, Tomonobu Senjyu, Hameedullah Zaheb, Najib Rahman Sabory, Mikaeel Ahmadi, Abdul Matin Ibrahimi, Zahra Nazari, and Mohammad Hamid Ahadi. 2020. “Afghanistan as an Emerging Regional Energy Hub.” Journal of Sustainability Outreach 1 (1): 10–14. https://doi.org/10.37357/1068/jso.1.1.02.
Elsevier
Danish, M.S.S., Senjyu, T., Zaheb, H., Sabory, N.R., Ahmadi, M., Ibrahimi, A.M., Nazari, Z., Ahadi, M.H., 2020. Afghanistan as an emerging regional energy hub. J. Sustainability Outreach 1, 10–14. https://doi.org/10.37357/1068/jso.1.1.02
IEEE
- S. S. Danish et al., “Afghanistan as an emerging regional energy hub,” J. Sustainability Outreach, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 10–14, 2020, doi: 10.37357/1068/jso.1.1.02.
Springer
Danish, M.S.S., Senjyu, T., Zaheb, H., Sabory, N.R., Ahmadi, M., Ibrahimi, A.M., Nazari, Z., Ahadi, M.H.: Afghanistan as an emerging regional energy hub. J. Sustainability Outreach. 1, 10–14 (2020). https://doi.org/10.37357/1068/jso.1.1.02.
Mir Sayed Shah Danish
Strategic Research Projects Center, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan
Tomonobu Senjyu
Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan
Hameedullah Zaheb
Department of Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Kabul University, Kabul, Afghanistan
Najib Rahman Sabory
Department of Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Kabul University, Kabul, Afghanistan
Mikaeel Ahamadi
Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan
Abdul Matin Ibrahimi
Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan
Zahra Nazari
Department of Information Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Kabul Polytechnic University, Kabul, Afghanistan
Mohammad Hamid Ahadi
Department of Academic Affairs, Research and Education Promotion Association (REPA), Okinawa, Japan
-
Sadat SM (2015) “TAPI and CASA-1000: Win-Win Trade between Central Asia and South Asia” Norwegian Institute of International Affairs: OSCE Academy (vol. 25, pp. 1–18)
-
Sasaki D, Nakayama M (2015) “A study on the risk management of the CASA-1000 project” Hydrological Research Letters (vol. 9, no. 4, pp. 90–96) https://doi.org/10.3178/hrl.9.90
-
NS Energy (2019) “CASA-1000 Central Asia-South Asia Electricity Transmission Project” EN Energy (https://www.nsenergybusiness.com/projects/casa-1000-electricity-transmission/) Accessed: 3 October 2019
-
Central Asia-South Asia Electricity Transmission and Trade Project (CASA-1000) (n.d.) World Bank (https://www.worldbank.org/en/news/speech/2016/05/10/central-asia-south-asia-electricity-transmission-and-trade-project-casa-1000) Accessed: 8 April 2020
-
Huda MS, Ali SH (2017) “Energy diplomacy in South Asia: Beyond the security paradigm in accessing the TAPI pipeline project” Energy Research & Social Science (vol. 34, pp. 202–213) https://doi.org/10.1016/j.erss.2017.07.013
-
Turkmenistan-Afghanistan-Pakistan-India (TAPI) Gas Pipeline Project (2018) Hydrocarbons Technology (https://www.hydrocarbons-technology.com/projects/turkmenistan-afghanistan-pakistan-india-tapi-gas-pipeline-project/) Accessed: 3 October 2019
-
Yılmaz ML, Talash F (2017) “Afghanistan’s Integration to the New Silk Route” Journal of Security Studies (vol. 19, no. 3, pp. 57–73)
-
CASA-1000: perspectives (2018) The Chamber of Commerce and Industry Romania-Turkmenistan (https://ccirom-tkm.ro/2018/01/10/casa-1000-perspectives/) Accessed: 3 October 2019
-
Briefing SR (2018) “China to Join Turkmenistan-Afghanistan-Pakistan-India Pipeline?” Silk Road Briefing (https://www.silkroadbriefing.com/news/2018/09/06/china-join-turkmenistan-afghanistan-pakistan-india-pipeline/) Accessed: 3 October 2019
-
Danish MSS, Sabory NR, Danish SMS, Ludin GA, Yona A, et al. (2016) “An Open-door Immature Policy for Rural Electrification: A Case Study of Afghanistan” International Journal of Sustainable and Green Energy (vol. 6, no. 3, pp. 8–13) https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijrse.s.2017060301.12
-
Danish MSS, Sabory NR, Danish SMS, Senjyu T, Ludin GA, et al. (2017) “Electricity Sector Development Trends in an After-war Country: Afghanistan Aspiration for an Independent Energy Country” Journal of Energy and Power Engineering (vol. 11, no. 1, pp. 553–557) https://doi.org/10.17265/1934-8975/2017.08.007
-
Danish MSS (2018) “A Managed Energy Framework for Least Developed Countries: Resilience to Energy Sustainability” (Doctoral Dissertation) Okinawa, Japan, University of the Ryukyus (http://ir.lib.u-ryukyu.ac.jp/handle/20.500.12000/41505?mode=full&metadispmode=lang)
-
Danish MSS, Senjyu T, Zaheb H, Sabory NR, Ibrahimi AM, et al. (2019) “A novel transdisciplinary paradigm for municipal solid waste to energy” Journal of Cleaner Production (vol. 233, pp. 880–892)
-
Danish MSS, Sabory NR, Ershad AM, Danish SMS, Yona A, et al. (2017) “Sustainable Architecture and Urban Planning trough Exploitation of Renewable Energy” International Journal of Sustainable and Green Energy (vol. 6, no. 3, pp. 1–7) https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijrse.s.2017060301.11
-
Danish MSS, Yona A, Senjyu T (2014) “Pre-design and life cycle cost analysis of a hybrid power system for rural and remote communities in Afghanistan” The Journal of Engineering-IET (vol. 2014, no. 8, pp. 438–444) https://doi.org/10.1049/joe.2014.0172
-
Inc I (2015) “Pakistan Energy Policy, Laws and Regulations Handbook Volume 1 Strategic Information and Basic Laws,” 1st ed. Lulu. 285 p. ISBN: 978-1-329-04854-6
-
Danish MSS, Elsayed MEL, Ahmadi M, Senjyu T, Karimy H, et al. (2020) “A strategic-integrated approach for sustainable energy deployment” Energy Reports (vol. 6, pp. 40–44) https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egyr.2019.11.039
-
Danish MSS, Matayoshi H, Howlader HR, Chakraborty S, Mandal P, et al. (2019) “Microgrid Planning and Design: Resilience to Sustainability” 2019 IEEE PES GTD Grand International Conference and Exposition Asia (GTD Asia) Bangkok, Thailand, IEEE - pp. 253–258. https://doi.org/10.1109/GTDAsia.2019.8716010
-
Danish MSS, Zaheb H, Sabory NR, Karimy H, Faiq AB, et al. (2019) “The Road Ahead for Municipal Solid Waste Management in the 21st Century: A Novel-standardized Simulated Paradigm” IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science (vol. 291, pp. 1–5) https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/291/1/012009
-
Jewell J (2011) “The IEA Model of Short-term Energy Security (MOSES): Primary Energy Sources and Secondary Fuels International Energy Agency” Working Paper Paris, France, International Energy Agency (IEA). (https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/docserver/5k9h0wd2ghlv-en.pdf?expires=1586349622&id=id&accname=guest&checksum=7EC52F293F0493C53EEFF3390BC6E248) Accessed: 4 August 2020
-
Rostami R, Khoshnava SM, Lamit H, Streimikiene D, Mardani A (2017) “An overview of Afghanistan’s trends toward renewable and sustainable energies” Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews (vol. 76, pp. 1440–1464) https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2016.11.172
-
Danish MSS, Funabashi T (2014) “Explicit recognition of Afghanistan’s power distribution networks problems and technical suggestions” TENCON 2014 - 2014 IEEE Region 10 Conference pp. 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1109/TENCON.2014.7022402
-
Danish MSS, Senjyu TS (2020) “Green Building Efficiency and Sustainability Indicators” Green Building Management and Smart Automation , 1st ed. pp. 128–145.
-
Danish MSS, Senjyu T, Ibrahimi AM, Ahmadi M, Howlader AM (2019) “A managed framework for energy-efficient building” Journal of Building Engineering (vol. 21, pp. 120–128) https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2018.10.013
-
Ebel RE, Menon R (2000) “Energy and Conflict in Central Asia and the Caucasus” Rowman & Littlefield. 290 p. ISBN: 978-0-7425-0063-1
The author(s) has received no specific funding for this article/publication.